Supreme Council
Supreme Council may refer to:
In culture:
In Freemasonry:
In Islam:
In military:
Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)
The Supreme Council (Kyrgyz: Жогорку Кеңеш, transliterated as Žogorku Keňesh or Jogorku Kengesh) ([dʒoʁorqu keŋeʃ]) is the unicameral Parliament of Kyrgyzstan. It has 120 seats with members elected for a five-year term by party-list proportional voting.
History
From 1991, when Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union, until October 2007, when the Constitution was changed in a referendum, the Supreme Council consisted of the Legislative Assembly (Myizam Chygaruu Jyiyny, the upper house) and the Assembly of People's Representatives (El Okuldor Jyiyny, lower house) with 60 and 45 members, respectively. The members of both houses were elected to five-year terms. In the Assembly of People's Representatives all 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies; in the Legislative Assembly 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies and 15 were elected through party lists.
Since October 2007, the Supreme Council is a unicameral legislature. Originally it consisted of 90 members, however when in 2010 President Kurmanbek Bakiyev was ousted after riots, a new Constitution was adopted, that increased the number of members to 120. Parties are limited to 65 seats in order to prevent power concentration.
Supreme Council (Transnistria)
The Supreme Council of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Russian: Верховный Совет Приднестровской Молдавской Республики,Verkhovny Sovet Pridnestrovskoy Moldavskoy Respubliki) is the parliament of Transnistria. The unicameral legislature consists of 43 seats, all of which are determined by single mandate constituencies. It is headed by a chairman (or speaker).
History
Moldova still considers Transnistria part of its territory, although Transnistria declared independence on 2 September 1990. As Transnistria was not autonomous region before declaration of its independence it had no government bodies of its own in the USSR. It meant that all government authorities had to be formed from scratch.
On 2 September 1990 the Second Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of all levels of Pridnestrovie elected the Provisional Supreme Council of Pridnestrovie which was tasked to prepare elections in the permanent Supreme Council. Igor Smirnov was elected chairman of Provisional Supreme Council in March 1990. After Smirnov was elected Chairman of the Republic (later this post was transformed into presidential office) on 29 November 1990 he was succeeded by Vladimir Gonchar.
Federal Supreme Council
The Federal Supreme Council (Arabic: المجلس الأعلى للاتحاد) is the highest constitutional authority in the United Arab Emirates, being the highest legislative and executive body. It establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation. It is the First Federal Authority in terms of ranking in the hierarchy of the Five Federal Authorities prescribed in the Constitution: Federal Supreme Council, Federal President and Federal Vice President, Federal Cabinet, Federal National Council, Federal Judiciary.
History
After the Union in 1971 the Federal Supreme Council consisted of the six rulers of the Emirates who signed the Constitution of the United Arab Emirates. It elected Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Emir of Abu Dhabi, as President of the United Arab Emirates and elected a Federal Cabinet. On 23 December 1971 the Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah sent a letter to the Council requesting to join the union. The Council agreed to the request and the Ras al-Khaimah joined the Union on 10 February 1972.
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